Heney d



H. D. BABGOOK & J. E, BAIRD.

(No Model.)

SPRING TOOTH HARROW.

No. 389,044. Patented Sept. 4, 1888..

[723700; 5 &J:

(E "Sew.

N PETE RS Phoio-hlhngunher. wmmwn. D. c.

UNITED STATES Parana Urrrca.

HENRY D. BABCOOK AND JOHN E. BAIRD, OF ILEONARDSVILLE, NEW YORK.

SPRING-TOOTH HARROW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 389,044, dated fieptenicer 1, 1888.

Application filed March 24, 1888. Serial No. 268,349.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, HENRY D. BABCOCIC and JOHN E. BAIRD, both of Leonardsville, in the county of Madison and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Spring'looth Harrows, of which the following is a specification.

\Ve have devised a construction of frame which gives advantages over any before known to us, especially in the preservation from wear of the lower ends of the rivets or bolts when, as is often the ease with springtooth harrows, the frame rubs on the earth, and also in connection therewith improved means for holding and adjusting the spring-teeth.

The following is a description of what we consider the best means of carrying out the invention as applied to a hinged or folding harrow.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a plan view of the harrow on a small scale. The remaining figures show a portion on a larger scale. Fig. 2 is a plan view. Fig. 3 is a corresponding view from below. Fig. 4 is a vertical section on the line a: a: in Fig. 2, and Fig. 5 is a vertical section at right angles to Fig. 4. It is taken on the line y y in Fig. 2.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where they occur.

A A are the draft bars, 13 B the cross bars, and O G the eyes or hinges by which the two halves of the harrow are flexibly connected.- The two halves are counterparts each of the other. A description of one half will suffice for both.

The several draft-bars are each in a continuous straight piece of iron or steel curved in cross-section and arranged with the hollow side downward. The cross-bars B are in short lengths, only sufficient to reach nearly or quite across from the edge of one of the draft-bars to the next. They lie in the same plane as the draft-bars.

D D are castings, which perform the functions of rigidly connecting the sections of the crossbars to each other, and connecting both to the draft-bar which crosses through the space between them, and also of stitfly hold- (No model.)

ing the spring-tooth by the aid of a pinch ing-screw to allow the hold on the tooth to be easily relaxed and the tooth to be set to work deeperor less deep in the earth. Certain por- 5 said tooth, except that they are more inclined inward, and when teeth of curved cross-section are used these bearing-surfaces will be convex upon their upper faces. The arrangement insures that the outer edges of the bearingsurfaces D D shall receive the strongest force of the pinching-screw E. That portion of the surface below immediately opposite the screw is sunk so low that the tooth cannot be sprung by the force of the screw sufficiently to bear on it. ing below the tooth be entirely open, as indicated in Figs. 4 and 5; but this is not essential. It is sufficient if the seat be so much curved that the ends shall be sure to bear firmly to resist the pressure of the screw, and 8c the middle bears but slightly, if at all.

D* D are arms which are secured to the draft-bars A by rivets cl.

D D are arms which are secured to the sections of the cross-bars B by similar rivets 0013- respondingly lettered. The curvature of the crosssection of the bars A andB is sufficient to receive the whole depth of the head of each rivet cl. \Vhen the harrow body rests on the ground and the ground is of a character which cuts and abrades the metal over it, the edges of the several bars A B are exposed to wear on the stony or otherwise abrasive surface; but the lower heads of the rivets d are protected from such destructive influence by being sunk in the hollows on the under faces of the draft-bars A. The upper ends of the rivets (1 may be headed or otherwise secured in any ordinary manner. They are not exposed to abrasive action. The

tooth is inserted in the obvious manner in the recess under the bridge D, which may be shifted to allow the point of the tooth to be The latter 6o Vie prefer that the middle of the bear- 75 set deeper or less deep in the earth. when its proper place is found, the screw E is turned down to pinch it tightly.

We propose, preferably, to make the continuous bars A and the short sections which constitute the bars B of steel, semi-steel, or very hard iron; but the material may be varied.

WVe can employ hard wood for the cross-bars B. In such case we employ wood of considerable thieknesssay one and one-quarter (1 inch-and make the bars B continuous, extending across above the plane of the bars A. They are hollowed a little at the crossing-points to partially receive the draft-bars A. The castings D require to be modified in form when the continuous wood pieces are to be used for the cross-bars.

The castings D and the hinges C may be of malleable cast-iron. The screws E may be made of steel. The rivets d may be soft iron, applied either hot or cold. Bolts may be used instead of rivets at the points (I, if preferred. \Vith either the heads on the lower ends are protected.

\Ve have shown the teeth M as curved in cross section; but this curvature may be varied or omitted altogether, care being taken to have the seats or bearings D D, which receive the springteeth, correspondingly modified.

W'e claim as our invention ,1

1. In a frame for spring-toothliarrows, the draft-bars A and cross-bars 13, each of curved cross-section, with their concave faces downward and crossing each other at approximate right angles, in combination with the castings D and bolts d, uniting said bars at theirjunctions, and the teeth M, carried by said castings, substantially as specified.

2. In a frame for spring-tooth harrows, the continuous draft-bars A and the short crossbars B, extending from one draft-bar to another, all of said bars being of curved crosssection, with their concave faces downward and lying in the same horizontal plane, the fourarmed casting D, joining said draft and cross bars at their junctions, the bolts d, connecting each of said bars to its casting, and the teeth M, carried by said castings, substantially as specified.

3. In a spring tooth harrow, the bars A B, single casting D, connecting them at theirjunctions, each casting comprising four arms, D* D D D conforming to the shape of the upperside of said bars, two bearing-surfaces, D? D a sunken center between said surfaces, and an integral bridge, D, raised above said center, and a screw, E, threaded through said bridge, in combination with the teeth M, resting upon said bearing-surfaces and passing under said bridge and screw, as and for the purpose described.

4. In a spring-tooth harrow, the bars A B, single casting D, connecting them at theirjnnctions, each casting comprising four arms, D D D D conforming to the shape of the upper side of said bars, two bearing-surfaces, D D, having convex upper faces, a sunken center between said surfaces, and an integral bridge, D, raised above said center, and a screw, E, threaded through said bridge, in combination with the teeth M, of curved cross-section, their concave faces resting upon said bearingsurfaces, and their bodies between said bearingsurfaces passing under said bridge and screw,

as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set ourhands, at Leonardsville, Madison county, New York, this 16th day of March, 1888, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HENRY D. BABOOGK. JOHN E. BAIRD. Witnesses:

JOHN 0. WHEELER, Gno. (J. ROGERS. 

